Direct and Indirect Speech (Percakapan Langsung dan Tidak Langsung)

بِسْــــــــــــــــمِ اﷲِالرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيم

Pengertian Indirect Speech

Indirect Speech (Percakapan Tidak Langsung) adalah bentuk percakapan yang mengarahkan untuk menggunakan noun clause (anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai noun atau kata benda) untuk melaporkan apa yang telah dikatakan oleh seseorang.

Contoh Penggunaan Indirect Speech (Kalimat Tidak Langsung)

Direct Speech (Kalimat Langsung)	Indirect Speech (Kalimat Tidak Langsung)
Simple Present Tense He said, “I watch TV every day.”	Simple Past Tense He said (that) he watched TV every day.
Present Progressive Tense He said, “I am watching TV every day.”	Past Progressive Tense He said he was watching TV every day.
Present Perfect Tense He said, “I have watched TV every day.”	Past Perfect Tense He said he had watched TV every day.
Simple Past Tense He said, “I watched TV every day.”	Past Perfect Tense He said he had watched TV every day.
Using Modal Auxiliaries He said, “I will watch TV every day.”	Using Modal Auxiliaries He said he would watch TV every day.
He said, “I am going to watch TV every day.”	He said he was going to watch TV every day.
He said, “I can watch TV every day.”	He said he could watch TV every day.
He said, “I may watch TV every day.”	He said he might watch TV every day.
He said, “I might watch TV every day.”	He said he might watch TV every day.
He said, “I must watch TV every day.”	He said he had to watch TV every day.
He said, “I have to watch TV every day.”	He said he had to watch TV every day.
He said, “I should watch TV every day.”	He said he should watch TV every day.
He said, “I ought to watch TV every day.”	He said he ought to watch TV every day.
He said, “Watch TV!”	He told me to watch TV.
He said, “Do you watch TV?”	He asked (me) if I watched TV.

CATATAN: Jika kata kerja pelapor (kata kerja utama dari kalimat, contoh dari kalimat di atas adalah kata: “said”) dalam bentuk past (lampau), kata kerja pada anak kalimat biasanya juga akan menggunakan bentuk past (lampau). Ketika kata kerja pelapor menggunakan: Simple Present Tense, Present Perfect Tense atau Simple Future Tense, kata kerja pada anak kalimat (noun clause) nya tidak berubah. Contoh:
She says, “I watch TV every day.”	She says (that) she watches TV every day.
She has said, “I watch TV every day.”	She has said that she watches TV every day.
She will say, “I watch TV every day.”	She will say that she watches TV every day.

Lihat tabel dibawah ini untuk mengetahui bentuk lampau dari modal auxiliaries.

Simple Present	Simple Past
Can	Could
May	Might
Must / have to	Had to
Will	Would
CATATAN: Tidak ada bentuk Past (lampau) untuk: Should dan Ought to

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